Working with Arduino

This chapter contains the following sections. Please read as needed:

Arduino Getting Started
Setting Up Development Environment
Demo
Arduino Getting Started

New to Arduino ESP32 development and looking for a quick start? We have prepared a comprehensive Getting Started Tutorial for you.

Note: This tutorial uses the ESP32-S3-Zero as a reference example, and all hardware code is based on its pinout. Before you start, we recommend checking the pinout of your development board to ensure the pin configuration is correct.

Arduino Getting Started

Setting Up Development Environment

1. Installing and Configuring Arduino IDE

Please refer to the tutorial Installing and Configuring Arduino IDE Tutorial to download and install the Arduino IDE and add ESP32 support.

2. Installing Libraries

When installing Arduino libraries, there are typically two methods: Online Installation and Offline Installation. If the library installation requires offline installation, you must use the provided library file.
For most libraries, users can easily search and install them through the online Library Manager in the Arduino software. However, some open-source libraries or custom libraries are not synchronized to the Arduino Library Manager, so they cannot be acquired through online searches. In this case, users can only manually install these libraries offline.
The sample program package for the ESP32-C6-Touch-AMOLED-1.43 development board can be downloaded from here. The Arduino\libraries directory within the package already includes all the library files required for this tutorial.

Library/File Name	Description	Version	Installation Method
LVGL	Graphical library	v8.3.11/v9.3.0	"Install Offline"
SensorLib	Sensor control library	v0.3.1	"Install Online" or "Install Offline"

Version Compatibility Description

There are strong dependencies between versions of LVGL and its driver libraries. For example, a driver written for LVGL v8 may not be compatible with LVGL v9. To ensure stable reproduction of the examples, it is recommended to use the specific versions listed in the table above. Mixing different library versions may cause compilation failures or runtime exceptions.

3. Arduino Project Parameter Settings

Demo

The Arduino demos are located in the Arduino/examples directory of the demo package.

Demo	Basic Program Description	Dependency Library
01_ADC_Test	Get the voltage value of the lithium battery	-
02_I2C_PCF85063	Print real-time time of RTC chip	SensorLib
03_I2C_QMI8658	Print the raw data from IMU	SensorLib
04_SD_Card	Load and display the information of the TF card	-
05_WIFI_AP	Set to AP mode to obtain the IP address of the access device	-
06_WIFI_STA	Set to STA mode to connect to WiFi and obtain an IP address	-
07_BATT_PWR_Test	Control power via the PWR button when powered solely by the lithium battery	-
08_Audio_Test	Play the sound recorded by the microphone through the speaker	-
09_LVGL_V8_Test	LVGLV9 demo	LVGL V8.3.11
10_LVGL_V9_Test	LVGLV8 demo	LVGL V9.3.0
11_FactoryProgram	Comprehensive demo	LVGL V8.3.11

01_ADC_Test

Demo Description

The analog voltage connected through the GPIO is converted to digital by the ADC, and then the actual lithium battery voltage is calculated and printed to the terminal.

Hardware Connection

Connect the board to the computer using a USB cable

Code Analysis

adc_bsp_init(void): Initializes ADC1, including creating an ADC one-shot trigger unit and configuring Channel 0 of ADC1.
adc_get_value(float *value,int *data): Reads the value from Channel 0 of ADC1, calculates the corresponding voltage based on the reference voltage and resolution, and stores it at the location pointed to by the passed pointer. Stores 0 if the read fails.
adc_example(void* parameter): After initializing ADC1, creates an ADC task. This task reads the ADC value every second and calculates the system voltage from the raw ADC reading.

Operation Result

After the program is compiled and downloaded, you can view the printed ADC values and voltage output by opening the Serial Monitor, as shown in the following image:

02_I2C_PCF85063

Demo Description

Through the I2C protocol, initialize the PCF85063 chip, set the time, and then periodically read the time and print it to the terminal

Hardware Connection

Connect the board to the computer using a USB cable

Code Analysis

void i2c_rtc_loop_task(void *arg): Creates an RTC task to implement the RTC function, reading the clock of the RTC chip every second and outputting it to the terminal.

Operation Result

Open the serial port monitoring, you can see the RTC time of the printout, as shown in the figure below:

03_I2C_QMI8658

Demo Description

Initialize the QMI8658 chip via the I2C protocol, then read the corresponding attitude information every 200ms and print it to the terminal.

Hardware Connection

Connect the board to the computer using a USB cable

Code Analysis

void i2c_qmi_loop_task(void *arg): Creates a QMI task to acquire attitude information. The task reads and prints accelerometer and gyroscope data at 200ms intervals, and outputs the results to the serial console.

Operation Result

Open the serial monitor to view the raw data output from the IMU (Euler angles require conversion), as shown in the figure below:

04_SD_Card

Demo Description

Drive the TF card via SDSPI mode. After successful mounting, print the TF card information to the terminal.

Hardware Connection

Install a FatFs-formatted into the board before powering on

Code Analysis

sdcard_init(void): Initializes the TF card using SDSPI mode.
loop(): Tests TF card read/write functions. You need to uncomment the #define sdcard_write_Test macro definition.

//#define sdcard_write_Test

Operation Result

Click to open the Serial Monitor device. You can see the output TF card information; practical_size indicates the actual capacity of the TF card, as shown below:

05_WIFI_AP

Demo Description

This demo can set the development board as a hotspot, allowing phones or other devices in STA mode to connect to the development board.

Hardware Connection

Connect the board to the computer using a USB cable

Code Analysis

In the 05_WIFI_AP.ino file, locate ssid and password. Phones or other STA mode devices can then connect to the board using this SSID and password.
```
const char *ssid = "ESP32_AP";
const char *password = "12345678";
```

Operation Result

After flashing the program, open the serial terminal. If the device is successfully connected to the hotspot, the MAC address of the device will be output, as shown in the figure:

06_WIFI_STA

Demo Description

This example can configure the development board as a STA device to connect to a router, thereby enabling access to the system network.

Hardware Connection

Connect the board to the computer using a USB cable

Code Analysis

In the 06_WIFI_STA.ino file, locate ssid and password, and modify them to match the SSID and Password of an available router in your current environment.
```
const char *ssid = "you_ssid"; 
const char *password = "you_password";
```

Operation Result

After flashing the program, open the serial terminal, if the device is successfully connected to the hotspot, the IP address obtained will be output, as shown in the figure:

07_BATT_PWR_Test

Demo Description

Demonstrates how to control the system power via the PWR button when powered by the lithium battery.

Hardware Connection

Power the development board with a lithium battery.

Code Analysis

setup_ui(lv_ui *ui): Initializes the UI interface for visual control.
esp_io_expander_new_i2c_tca9554(): Initializes the lithium battery control IO port.
user_button_init(): Initializes the buttons and their trigger events.
example_button_task(void* parameter): Task waiting for button event triggers.

Operation Result

After the program is flashed, disconnect the USB power supply and connect the lithium battery. Power on by pressing and holding the PWR button, as shown in the figure:
tip
1. Press and hold the PWR button, wait until the screen displays "Power on succeeded", indicating successful power-on, then release the button.
2. Press and hold the PWR button again, wait until the screen displays "Power on failed", indicating successful power-off, then release the button.

08_Audio_Test

Demo Description

Demonstrates how to get data from the microphone and then play it through the speaker

Hardware Connection

Connect the board to the computer using a USB cable
Connect the speaker to the onboard MX1.25 2PIN speaker interface.

Code Analysis

i2c_master_Init(): Initializes the I2C bus.
esp_io_expander_new_i2c_tca9554(): Initializes the amplifier CTRL control IO port.
esp_codec_dev_set_out_vol(): Sets the output volume during playback.
esp_codec_dev_set_in_gain(): Sets the input gain for recording.

Operation Result

After the program is flashed, speak into the microphone, and the speaker will automatically play back the recorded sound. This example has no UI display.
tip
1. If you find the playback volume to be too low, prioritize using "esp_codec_dev_set_out_vol" to increase the playback volume
2. If the sound is still not loud enough after increasing the playback volume, you can use "esp_codec_dev_set_in_gain" to increase the gain during recording

09_LVGL_V8_Test

Demo Description

Implements various multifunctional GUI interfaces on the screen by porting LVGL V8.

Hardware Connection

Connect the board to the computer using a USB cable

Code Analysis

If you need to rotate the display by 90 degrees, locate the #define EXAMPLE_Rotate_90 macro definition in the user_config.h file and uncomment it.
If you need to perform a backlight test, locate the #define Backlight_Testing macro definition in the user_config.h file and uncomment it.
```
//#define Backlight_Testing
//#define EXAMPLE_Rotate_90
```

Operation Result

After the program is flashed, the device operation result is as follows:

10_LVGL_V9_Test

Demo Description

Implements various multifunctional GUI interfaces on the screen by porting LVGL V9.

Hardware Connection

Connect the board to the computer using a USB cable

Code Analysis

If you need to rotate the display by 90 degrees, locate the #define EXAMPLE_Rotate_90 macro definition in the user_config.h file and uncomment it.
If you need to perform a backlight test, locate the #define Backlight_Testing macro definition in the user_config.h file and uncomment it.
```
//#define Backlight_Testing
//#define EXAMPLE_Rotate_90
```

Operation Result

After the program is flashed, the device operation result is as follows:

11_FactoryProgram

Demo Description

Comprehensive project, you can simply test the onboard hardware functions, or directly use the BIN firmware we provide for flashing.

Hardware Connection

Connect the board to the computer using a USB cable

Code Analysis

ContsGroups = xEventGroupCreate();            // Create an event group for task synchronization
 Serial.begin(115200);                // Initialize serial communication, baud rate 115200
 Tca9554_Init();                               // Initialize the TCA9554 GPIO expander chip
 display = new DisplayPort(i2cbus, 466, 466);  // Create a display port instance, resolution 466x466
 display->DisplayPort_TouchInit();             // Initialize the display touch function
 Lvgl_PortInit(*display);                      // Initialize the LVGL graphics library port
 Adc_PortInit();                               // Initialize the ADC port
 Custom_ButtonInit();                          // Initialize custom buttons
 I2cRtcSetup(&i2cbus, 0x51);                  // Initialize the I2C RTC clock chip, address 0x51
 Set_I2cRtcTime(2026, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);          // Set RTC time to 2026-01-01 00:00:00
 I2cQmiSetup(&i2cbus, 0x6b);                   // Initialize the I2C IMU sensor, address 0x6b
 codecport = new CodecPort(i2cbus,"C6_AMOLED_1_43"); // Create an audio codec port instance    

Operation Result

The display cycles through red, green, and blue colors (transition interval 1.5 seconds), as shown:
After the system finishes displaying the above colors, it will automatically enter the onboard hardware information interface, as shown in the figure:
tip
1. Displays the ESP32C6 stacked Flash
2. Displays the actual capacity of the inserted TF card
3. Displays the voltage of the connected lithium battery
4. Real-time display of RTC time and QMI attitude data
5. Scans for nearby Bluetooth and Wi-Fi devices
Click the BOOT button on the onboard hardware information interface to enter the Touch function interface, as shown:
Click the BOOT button again to exit the Touch function interface and activate the microphone recording and speaker playback functions:
tip
1. Speak into the microphone, and the speaker will automatically play back the recorded sound.
2. Press and hold the BOOT button to play music; release to stop.
Test the TF card read/write function, as shown:
tip
1. Double-click the BOOT button to perform the test.
Swipe left to enter the AMOLED backlight setting interface, as shown:
Power the board using only a lithium battery, with the PWR button controlling the power:
tip
1. Press and hold the PWR button to turn on the system power, and press and hold it again to turn off the system power

Arduino Getting Started​

Setting Up Development Environment​

1. Installing and Configuring Arduino IDE​

2. Installing Libraries​

3. Arduino Project Parameter Settings​

Demo​

01_ADC_Test​

02_I2C_PCF85063​

03_I2C_QMI8658​

04_SD_Card​

05_WIFI_AP​

06_WIFI_STA​

07_BATT_PWR_Test​

08_Audio_Test​

09_LVGL_V8_Test​

10_LVGL_V9_Test​

11_FactoryProgram​

Arduino Getting Started

Setting Up Development Environment

1. Installing and Configuring Arduino IDE

2. Installing Libraries

3. Arduino Project Parameter Settings

Demo

01_ADC_Test

02_I2C_PCF85063

03_I2C_QMI8658

04_SD_Card

05_WIFI_AP

06_WIFI_STA

07_BATT_PWR_Test

08_Audio_Test

09_LVGL_V8_Test

10_LVGL_V9_Test

11_FactoryProgram